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Explore the breakthroughs that shaped our digital world — from computers to coding to communication.

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Technology Milestones That Came First

The first computer was the ENIAC, built in 1945 by U.S. scientists.

The first website was created at CERN by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991.

The first email was sent by Ray Tomlinson in 1971 — using the @ symbol.

The first smartphone was IBM’s Simon, released in 1994 with a touchscreen.

The first video uploaded to YouTube was “Me at the zoo” in 2005.

The first programmable computer was the Z3, built by Konrad Zuse in 1941.

The first stored-program computer was the Manchester Baby, created in 1948.

The first computer mouse was invented by Douglas Engelbart in 1964.

The first computer with a GUI was the Xerox Alto, introduced in 1973.

The first smartphone was IBM’s Simon, released in 1994 with a touchscreen..

The first domain name registered was Symbolics.com in 1985.

The first web browser was WorldWideWeb (Nexus), developed in 1990.

The first search engine was Archie, launched in 1990.

The first online purchase was a Sting CD in 1994.

The first internet café was Cyberia, opened in London in 1994.

The first blog was Links.net, started by Justin Hall in 1994.

The first programming language was Fortran, released in 1957.

The first social media site was SixDegrees.com, launched in 1997.

The first video uploaded to YouTube was “Me at the zoo” in 2005.

The first mobile phone call was made by Martin Cooper in 1973.

The first SMS sent was “Merry Christmas” in 1992.

The first iPhone was launched by Apple in 2007.

The first Android phone was the HTC Dream, released in 2008.

The first 3G network was introduced in Japan in 2001.

The first 4G service launched in Stockholm, Sweden in 2009.

The first personal computer was the Kenbak-1, released in 1971.

The first commercial PC was IBM’s 5100, launched in 1975.

The first laptop was the Osborne 1, released in 1981.

The first computer virus was Creeper, created in 1971.

The first spreadsheet software was VisiCalc, released in 1979.

The first word processor was Electric Pencil, launched in 1976.

The first AI concept was the Turing Test, proposed in 1950.

The first AI program was Logic Theorist, developed in 1956.

The first AI to beat a chess world champion was IBM’s Deep Blue in 1997.

The first AI assistant on a phone was Apple’s Siri, launched in 2011.

The first AI to beat a Go champion was DeepMind’s AlphaGo in 2016.

The first AI-generated artwork sold at auction was “Edmond de Belamy” in 2018.

The first AI in a car was Tesla’s Autopilot, introduced in 2014.

The first human-like chatbot was ChatGPT, released in 2022.

The first text-to-image AI was DALL·E, launched by OpenAI in 2021..

The first AI to generate video from text was Sora, launched in 2024.

The first credit card was Diners Club, issued in 1950.

The first ATM was installed by Barclays in 1967.

The first online bank was Stanford Federal Credit Union in 1994.

The first contactless payment system was launched in Seoul in 1995.

The first NFT was “Quantum” by Kevin McCoy in 2014.

The first cryptocurrency was Bitcoin, created in 2009.

The first mobile wallet was Google Wallet, launched in 2011.

The first AI trading system was built by Sentient Technologies in 2016.

The first CBDC pilot was launched in the Bahamas in 2020.

The first blockchain platform with smart contracts was Ethereum in 2015.

The first video game was Tennis for Two, created in 1958.

The first arcade game was Computer Space, released in 1971.

The first 3D video game was Battlezone, released in 1980.

The first home gaming console was the Magnavox Odyssey in 1972.

The first VR headset for gaming was Sega VR (prototype) in 1993.

The first online multiplayer game was MUD1, launched in 1978.

The first PlayStation console was released by Sony in 1994.

The first AR game hit was Pokémon GO, released in 2016.

The first eSports tournament was held for Space Invaders in 1980.

The first 5G network launched in South Korea in 2019.

The first phone selfie was taken by Philippe Kahn in 2002.

The first QR code was invented by Denso Wave in 1994.

The first cloud gaming service was OnLive, launched in 2010.

The first electric light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison in 1879.

The first telephone was patented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

The first consumer drone was the AscTec Hummingbird in 2004.

The first smartwatch was the Seiko Data 2000 in 1983.

The first 3D printer was developed by Chuck Hull in 1983.

The first telephone was patented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876.

The first wireless earbuds were made by Earin in 2015.

The first foldable smartphone was the Royole FlexPai in 2018.

The first transparent TV was the Xiaomi Mi TV Lux in 2020.

The first X-ray image was taken by Wilhelm Röntgen in 1895.

The first organ transplant was a kidney, done in 1954.

The first electric car was built by Thomas Parker in 1884.

The first test tube baby was Louise Brown, born in 1978.

The first cloned mammal was Dolly the sheep in 1996.

The first bionic limb controlled by thought was tested in 2006.

The first radio broadcast was made by Reginald Fessenden in 1906.

The first television broadcast started with the BBC in 1936.

The first human gene editing using CRISPR happened in China in 2018.

The first robot-assisted surgery happened in 1985 using PUMA 560.

The first human genome was fully sequenced in 2003.

The first AI-discovered drug entered trials in 2020.

The first robot citizen was Sophia, granted citizenship in 2017.

The first solar-powered car was the SunMobile, built in 1955.

The first hybrid car was the Toyota Prius, launched in 1997.

The first self-driving car on public roads was by Waymo in 2015.

The first green skyscraper was Commerzbank Tower in 1997.

The first commercial vertical farm opened in Japan in 2005.

The first solar-powered flight around the world was Solar Impulse 2 in 2016.

The first plastic-free supermarket aisle opened in the Netherlands in 2018.

The first AI-optimized smart city project is NEOM in Saudi Arabia.

The first podcast was “Radio Open Source,” launched in 2003.

The first text message sent from space was by astronaut Kjell Lindgren in 2015 aboard the ISS.



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